Brookhaven National Laboratory reports: Graphene, the two-dimensional powerhouse, packs extreme durability,
electrical conductivity, and transparency into a one-atom-thick sheet of
carbon. Despite being heralded as a breakthrough "wonder material,"
graphene has been slow to leap into commercial and industrial products
and processes.
Now, scientists have developed a simple and powerful method for
creating resilient, customized, and high-performing graphene: layering
it on top of common glass. This scalable and inexpensive process helps
pave the way for a new class of microelectronic and optoelectronic
devices—everything from efficient solar cells to touch screens.
Left: Schematic of a graphene field-effect-transistor used in this
study. The device consists of a solar cell containing graphene stacked
on top of a high-performance copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS)
semiconductor, which in turn is stacked on an industrial substrate
(either soda-lime glass, SLG, or sodium-free borosilicate glass, BSG).
The research revealed that the SLG substrate serves as a source of
sodium doping, and improved device performance in a way not seen in the
sodium-free substrate. Right: A scanning electron micrograph of the
device as seen from above, with the white scale bar measuring 10
microns, and a transmission electron micrograph inset of the
CIGS/graphene interface where the white scale bar measures 100
nanometers. (from Brookhaven National Laboratory report)
The collaboration—led by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's
(DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory, Stony Brook University (SBU), and
the Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering at SUNY Polytechnic
Institute—published their results February 12, 2016, in the journal Scientific Reports.[Free, Open Access]
For sure you already spotted teh Al2O3 dielectric on the picture and yes it is deposietd by ALD, as reported in the paper: "Next, a 200 nm top gate-dielectric layer (Al2O3)
is blanket deposited on GR/CIGS/Mo/SLG(BSG) or GR/SLG(BSG) substrates
via Atomic Layer Deposition at 1 Ǻ/cycle using (Tri Methyl Aluminum)
TMA/Water precursor at 250 °C." The detailed process integration can be foudn in the Supporting information (insered below)
(This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License)
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